Running Sol aris in 32 or 64 bit mode - Page 1
Removing ^M from Unix text files - Page 2
Backup commands - ufsdump , tar , cpio - Page 3
Setting up Ethernet card speed & duplex mode - Page 4
One Line scripts - Page 4
Running Solaris in 32 or 64 Bit mode

Finding the running mode

#isainfo -v 64-bit sparcv9 applications 32-bit sparc applications

Booting in 32 bit mode

ok> boot kernel/unix

eeprom boot-file=kernel/unix

Booting in 64 bit mode

OK>boot kernel/sparcv9/unix

eeprom boot-file=kernel/sparcv9/unix

…reboot the system

Edit /platform/platform-name/boot.conf uncomment line with the variable named ALLOW_64BIT_KERNEL_ON_UltraSPARC_1_CPU set to the value true .

ALLOW_64BIT_KERNEL_ON_UltraSPARC_1_CPU=true

… reboot the system .

If diag switch is set to true following needs to be set

for 32 bit

/usr/sbin/eeprom diag-file=“kernel/unix”

for 64 bit

/usr/sbin/eeprom diag-file=“kernel/sparcv9/unix”

Removing ^M from UNIX text files

Using Perl : Following command will change the orginal file itself so keep a backup copy .

perl -pi -e “s:^V^M::g” existing_file_name

You won’t see the Control V on typing but it is needed to generate control

character ^M.

Using sed : sed -e s/^V^M//g existing_file_name > new_file_name

Using vi : Open file in vi and enter the following at : prompt in command mode .

:%s/^V^M//g

Backup commands - ufsdump , tar , cpio

ufsdump

Used for complete file system backup .
It copies every thing from regular files in a file system to special character and block device files.
It can work on mounted or unmounted file systems.

Tar:

Used for single or multiple files backup .
Can’t backup special character & block device files .
Works only on mounted file system.

Identifying the tape device dmesg | grep st

Checking the status of the tape drive mt -f /dev/rmt/0 status

Backup file system using ufsdump

ufsdump 0cvf /dev/rmt/0 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0 or ufsdump 0cvf /dev/rmt/0 /usr

To restore a dump with ufsrestore ufsrestore rvf /dev/rmt/0

ufsrestore in interactive mode allowing selection of individual files and directories using add , ls , cd , pwd and extract commands . ufsrestore -i /dev/rmt/0

Making a copy of a disk slice using ufsdump ufsdump 0f - /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7 |(cd /mnt/backup ;ufsrestore xf -)

Backing up all files in a directory including subdirectories to a tape device (/dev/rmt/0), tar cvf /dev/rmt/0 *

Viewing a tar backup on a tape tar tvf /dev/rmt/0

Extracting tar backup from the tape tar xvf /dev/rmt/0 (Restoration will go to present directory or original backup path depending on relative or absolute path names used for backup )

Backup using cpio find . -depth -print | cpio -ovcB > /dev/rmt/0

Viewing cpio files on a tape cpio -ivtB < /dev/rmt/0

Restoring a cpio backup cpio -ivcB < /dev/rmt/0

Compressing a file compress -v file_name

gzip filename To uncompress a file uncompress file_name.Z or gunzip filename

Setting up ethernet card speed , duplex mode in Solaris

Command Line : Changes are lost on system reboots .

set the device instance (for multiport cards) ndd -set /dev/hme instance 0 this makes the next commands apply to hme0.
query parameters for the set instance: ndd -get /dev/hme link_status 0 = link up, 1 = link down ndd -get /dev/hme link_speed 0 = 10MBit, 1 = 100MBit ndd -get /dev/hme link_mode 0 = half duplex, 1 = full duplex ndd -get /dev/hme adv_autoneg_cap 0 = no autonegotiation, 1 = autoneg. enabled
set parameters, e.g. ndd -set /dev/hme instance 0 ndd -set /dev/hme adv_autoneg_cap 1 to enable autonegotiation for hme0

Permanant Changes : changes are not lost on reboot. edit the /etc/system file and add these parameters .The sequence number matters.

set hme:hme_adv_autoneg_cap=0 set hme:hme_adv_100T4_cap=0 set hme:hme_adv_100fdx_cap=1 set hme:hme_adv_100hdx_cap=0 set hme:hme_adv_10fdx_cap=0 set hme:hme_adv_10hdx_cap=0

Ehthernet mode setting in x86 is done in drivers .conf file.

100Mb Full Duplex on elxl0 in Solaris x86

edit /kernel/drv/elxl.conf :

#ident ”@(#)elxl.conf 1.3 98/02/23 SMI”

Copyright (c) 1998, by Sun Microsystems, Inc.

Driver.conf file for the 3Com 3C90x

To force full duplex operation, uncomment the following line:

full-duplex=1;

To force half duplex operation, uncomment the following line:

#full-duplex=0;

To force 10Mbps operation, uncomment the following line:

#speed=10;

To force 100Mbps operation, uncomment the following line:

speed=100;

One Line Scripts

Finding out the memory information on a HP Unix system

Total Memory :

echo “selclass qualifier memory;info;wait;infolog”|cstm | grep “Total Configured Memory”

All Memory Information , slots, modules etc.

echo “selclass qualifier memory;info;wait;infolog”|cstm

List highest diskspace users in /home directory sort -nr sorts the output in numerical reverse order giving highest at the top .

du -k /home | sort -nr | pg

*Find and list the core files in /app01 directory . Replace directory name(/app01 ) , file name (core) and command (ls -l ) to customize . Print option prints the output . 2>/dev/null is to supress the error messages in the output .

find /app01 -name core -print -exec ls -l &#123;&#125; ; 2>/dev/null

Removing core files : find /app01 -name core -print -exec rm -f {} ; 2>/dev/nul

compressing Log files find /logdir -name *.log -print -exec gzip {} ; 2>/dev/null

List the partitions using more than 70% of disk partition space . $5 represants column number to be compared and 70 is the value to be compared .

df -k | awk ‘$5 > 70’

Unix Tech Tips